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Pan-European Groundwater Recharge (100 m)


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Created: Oct 11, 2025 at 9:23 p.m. (UTC)
Last updated: Dec 10, 2025 at 4:25 p.m. (UTC)
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Abstract

This dataset provides long-term groundwater recharge (GWR) estimates under current land cover (S0) and five land cover transformation scenarios (S1–S5), spanning extreme and moderate deforestation as well as low, moderate, and extreme afforestation. All GWR datasets represent the average annual period from 1991 to 2020. GWR was calculated using a long-term water balance approach, which combines Budyko-based actual evapotranspiration estimates with water yield calculations and the GWR coefficient dataset. In addition, GWR sensitivity and elasticity with respect to changes in the Budyko parameter (ω*) were derived by averaging the analytical derivatives of the Turc–Pike and Fu equations. These metrics provide insight into how land cover and hydrogeological characteristics influence the responsiveness of GWR. Sensitivity and elasticity quantify the absolute and proportional change in recharge resulting from land cover-induced variations in ω*. These datasets are suitable for identifying recharge hotspots, assessing GWR vulnerability, and examining recharge behavior under alternative land cover and environmental conditions/scenarios. Cells classified as “water” in the land cover dataset were excluded from GWR calculations. All files are delivered in GeoTIFF (float32) format at a spatial resolution of 100 × 100 m. The dataset uses the ETRS89 / LAEA Europe projection (EPSG: 3035).

● The data repository includes a README.pdf file that describes the dataset collection and lists all raster (GeoTIFF) products.

● Further methodological details are provided in Nabaei et al. (2026) and in the Appendices of the associated publication.

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● How to cite:

Nabaei, S., Ali, A.M., & Teuling, A.J. (2026). Impact of Forest Cover on Groundwater Recharge: A High-Resolution Scenario Analysis for Europe. Global Environmental Change, XX, XXXXXX. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2026.XXXXXX

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Subject Keywords

Coverage

Spatial

Coordinate System/Geographic Projection:
WGS 84 EPSG:4326
Coordinate Units:
Decimal degrees
Place/Area Name:
Europe
North Latitude
71.4100°
East Longitude
34.0000°
South Latitude
35.0000°
West Longitude
-25.0000°

Temporal

Start Date:
End Date:

Content

Related Resources

The content of this resource is derived from Pan-European Actual Evapotranspiration (100 m): http://www.hydroshare.org/resource/46b4461418cf4dd08f65c71db7bae9a8
The content of this resource is derived from Pan-European Land Cover Scenarios (100 m): http://www.hydroshare.org/resource/125d6d07001a45d69a23f9550d593f13

How to Cite

Nabaei, S., A. M. Ali, A. J. Teuling (2025). Pan-European Groundwater Recharge (100 m), HydroShare, http://www.hydroshare.org/resource/1ff5b54981484d878aa7a4094c689fcb

This resource is shared under the Creative Commons Attribution-NoCommercial CC BY-NC.

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
CC-BY-NC

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