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San Lorenzo River Floodplain Abandonment


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Created: Feb 25, 2021 at 8:20 p.m.
Last updated: Jan 27, 2022 at 11:01 p.m.
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Abstract

This resource contains relevant data and programs (.py and .ipynb) for the paper "River floodplain abandonment and channel deepening coincide with the onset of clear-cut logging in a coastal California redwood forest" (https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.5299). Programs are generalizable to other studies and may be used with proper citation.

Article abstract:

Changes in both land use and climate can alter the balance of transport capacity and sediment supply in rivers. Hence, the primary driver of recent incision or aggradation in alluvial channels is often unclear. The San Lorenzo River on the central coast of California is one location where both climate and land use—specifically, clear-cut forestry of coastal redwoods—could explain recent vertical incision and floodplain abandonment. At our field site on the San Lorenzo, we estimate the magnitude of recent incision using both the ratio of bankfull to critical Shields numbers (𝜏∗𝑏𝑓/𝜏∗𝑐) and the geomorphically effective discharge, calculated from historical gauge data. The Shields number ratio suggests that the normalized bankfull stress of the San Lorenzo River is in the upper 1–2% of West Coast rivers, and the effective discharge corresponds to flow depths ~2–4 m below current bankfull conditions. Radiocarbon ages from detrital charcoal in floodplain sediment reveal active floodplain deposition during the 1600s and possibly into the 1800s, constraining the timing of incision to the last few centuries. Multiple hanging tributaries above the mainstem San Lorenzo River, along with patterns in vegetation on terrace surfaces, corroborate our estimates of the magnitude and timing of incision. Taken together, our findings suggest that floodplain abandonment in this reach was mainly due to methods employed during logging that increased shear stress on the channel bed and reduced sediment storage capacity. We suggest that direct channel modifications in rivers can counterbalance increases in sediment delivery due to clear-cutting, resulting in channel incision rather than aggradation. Today, a young, lower surface appears to be forming adjacent to the San Lorenzo River, which we interpret as an incipient floodplain that is in equilibrium with modern sediment supply and transport capacity.

Subject Keywords

Coverage

Spatial

Coordinate System/Geographic Projection:
WGS 84 EPSG:4326
Coordinate Units:
Decimal degrees
Place/Area Name:
Big Trees USGS Gauge (#11160500; San Lorenzo River)
Longitude
-122.0719°
Latitude
37.0441°

Temporal

Start Date:
End Date:

Content

readme.txt

SAN LORENZO RIVER FLOODPLAIN ABANDONMENT: README FOR HYDROSHARE RESOURCE

Last edited: 27 Jan. 2022

Associated article:
Chapman, W.A.L., Finnegan, N.J., Pfeiffer, A.M. & La Selle, S. (2022) River floodplain abandonment and channel deepening coincide with the onset of clear-cut logging in a coastal California redwood forest. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.5299

Some files below use Jupyter Notebook, an open-source notebook interface for Python. See more at https://jupyter.org

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This resource comprises three folders. Each folder is described below, with descriptions of each file also provided.

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1.  EffectiveDischarge: This folder contains files associated with the calculation of effective discharge for the San Lorenzo River. All calculations are performed in the EffectiveDischarge.ipynb Jupiter Notebook, and any necessary auxiliary files for this notebook are also in this EffectiveDischarge folder. Notebook should be generalizable for other rivers as well, provided the necessary components (including a separate suspended sediment concentration vs. discharge dataset).

  FILES
  >  EffectiveDischarge.ipynb - main Jupyter Notebook file for the San Lorenzo River Big Trees USGS gauge. Calculates grain size distributions, probability distributions for flow history, suspended sediment rating curves, bedload sediment flux, and probability-adjusted sediment flux (suspended sediment and bedload). Generates plots and a summary file of all results.
  >  SiteInfo.txt - file containing basic parameters for the river: USGS gauge number, slope, bankfull depth, width of channel bottom, and width of channel top.
  >  diams.txt - Example text file of grain diameters, collected for the San Lorenzo River. Diameters in mm.
  >  profile_coords.txt - text file with channel cross-sectional profile in x/y coordinates. Units: m.
  >  ss.txt - text file containing suspended sediment concentration and discharge measurements. Columns: Date, Time, discharge (m3/s), and suspended sediment concentration (mg/L).
  >  channeldepth.py: python file containing definitions for several functions used in the EffectiveDischarge notebook. Functions are described in detail in the Python code. Includes:
     > get_profile()
     > hi_res_profile()
     > get_width_depth()
     > get_top_width()
     > get_bottom_d_w()
  >  EffectiveQ_11160500.txt - Exported data from effective discharge analysis for the San Lorenzo River. Contains discretized data for discharge (m3/s), probability, corresponding flow depth (m), submerged width of the channel bottom (m), estimated bedload flux (m3/s), estimated suspended sediment flux (m3/s), and probability-adjusted bedload and suspended sediment fluxes (m3/s).
  >  SanLorenzo_ChannelSurvey.xlsx - Excel spreadsheet with channel cross-sectional survey information and plot. Nonessential file for EffectiveDischarge notebook.


  SUBFOLDERS
  >  KDE_files - folder used for saving and loading results of a kernel density estimation within the EffectiveDischarge notebook
  >  plots - folder for figures exported by EffectiveDischarge notebook. Includes suspended sediment rating curve, probability distribution of flow events, sediment flux vs. discharge, and probability-adjusted sediment flux plots.

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2.  ShieldsNumber: Contains necessary files for Shields number calculations.

  >  CriticalShieldsCalc.ipynb - generalized Jupyter notebook for calculating critical/reference Shields numbers given various channel parameters, per the models of Mueller et al. (2005) and Lamb et al. (2008). Also contains functions for calculating the hydraulic radius of a trapezoidal channel, and converting between flow depths, Shields numbers, and hydraulic radii.
  >  diams.txt - Same file as in the EffectiveDischarge folder; contains a list of grain diameters for calculation of D50 and D84. Alternatively, D50 and D84 can be manually calculated and entered into the CriticalShieldsCalc Jupyter notebook.

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3.  Dates: Contains 14C radiocarbon dates and ages from tree cores

  >  14C_results.xlsx - Excel spreadsheet with all radiocarbon dates for charcoal and plant material from San Lorenzo floodplains and bars, complete with uncalibrated and calibrated dates.
  >  TreeCoring_SLR.xlsx - Excel spreadsheet containing estimated tree ages from tree cores. Trees are mostly located on a lower surface/incipient floodplain near the coring site, and three are from a bar ~1 km downstream.

Related Resources

The content of this resource is derived from United States Geological Survey. (2020) USGS 11160500 San Lorenzo River at Big Trees, CA. USGS Current Conditions for the Nation [online]. Available at: https://nwis.waterdata.usgs.gov/usa/nwis/qwdata/?site_no=11160500 [Accessed 25 May 2021].

How to Cite

Chapman, W. A. L., N. Finnegan, A. Pfeiffer, S. L. Selle (2022). San Lorenzo River Floodplain Abandonment, HydroShare, http://www.hydroshare.org/resource/adab5574c2dd45d8bc12125fb47d1fa1

This resource is shared under the Creative Commons Attribution CC BY.

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
CC-BY

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