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| Type: | Resource | |
| Storage: | The size of this resource is 89.2 MB | |
| Created: | Dec 01, 2022 at 4:52 p.m. (UTC) | |
| Last updated: | Jun 23, 2023 at 12:54 p.m. (UTC) (Metadata update) | |
| Published date: | Jun 23, 2023 at 12:54 p.m. (UTC) | |
| DOI: | 10.4211/hs.6127902b82674b8097ec3c372f14514f | |
| Citation: | See how to cite this resource |
| Sharing Status: | Published |
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| Views: | 2466 |
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Abstract
Forest thinning and gap creation are being implemented across the western United States of America (USA) to reduce wildfire and forest mortality risk as the climate warms. The Eastern Cascades in Washington, USA, is in a transitional zone between maritime and continental climate conditions and represents a data gap in observations describing the relationship between forest density and snowpack. We collected three years of snow observations across a range of forest densities to characterize how forest management efforts in this region may influence the magnitude and duration of snow storage. Observations indicate that peak snow storage magnitude in small gaps ranges from the same to over twice that observed in unburned forest plots in the Eastern Cascades. However, differences in snow duration are generally small. Across all Eastern Cascade sites and years, we observed a median difference of snow storage lasting 7 days longer in gaps as compared to nearby forest plots. A notable exception to this pattern occurred at one north-facing site, where snow lasted 30 days longer in the gap. These observations of similar snow storage duration in the Eastern Cascades are attributed to minimal differences in canopy snow interception processes between forests and gaps at some sites, and to higher ablation rates that counterbalance the higher snow accumulation in the gaps at other sites. At the north-facing site, more snow accumulated in the gap, and ablation rates in the open gap were similar to the shaded forest due to the aspect of the site. Thus, snow storage duration was much longer in the gap. Together, these data suggest that prescriptions to reduce forest density through thinning and creating gaps may increase the overall amount of snow storage by reducing loss due to sublimation and melting of canopy-intercepted snow. However, reducing forest density in the Eastern Cascades is unlikely to buffer climate-induced shortening of snow storage duration, with the possible exception of gap creation in north-facing forests. Lastly, these observations fill a spatial and climatic data gap and can be used to support hydrological modeling at spatial and temporal scales that are relevant to forest management decisions.
Subject Keywords
Coverage
Spatial
Temporal
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Content
readme.txt
README - metadata, 22 June 2023 (SE Dickerson-Lange, susan@naturaldes.com) Eastern Cascades Forest-Snow Observations 2019-2021 For background and methods see: Dickerson-Lange et al. (2023) Forest gap effects on snow storage in the transitional climate of the Eastern Cascade Range, Washington, United States Frontiers in Water DOI 10.3389/frwa.2023.1115264 These data are provided freely and without warranty of any sort and may be used freely for non-commercial purposes. Note that every effort was made to quality control the data but that field data always have some problems. NA is used as the nodata flag Snow Depth from Timelapse - processed daily snow depth data extracted manually from timelapse photos (contact S. Dickerson-Lange for original photos (susan@naturaldes.com)) Temperature Sensors - raw hourly temperature data and location metadata for ground and air temperature sensors (Hobos) Processed Data - includes metrics from hemispherical photos (contact S. Dickerson-Lange for original photos (susan@naturaldes.com)), snow duration inferred from ground temperature, and aggregated temperature at sites and plots. List of abbreviations/headers: CER Cle Elum Ridge ECFS East Cascade Forest Snow - all sites except CER DJF December-January-February MA March April WYJD Water Year Julian Day (i.e., October 1 = 1) JD Julian Day StartWYJD Start of "snow on", in WYJD EndWYJD Snow Disappearance Day, in WYJD SCD Snow Covered Days (inferred from ground temperature; see Dickerson-Lange et al. 2023) Jan1SCD Snow Covered Days since January 1 LocID Location ID of the point observered every season; stays the same through the study period even though the recorder changes. See GIS Data folder. Recorder Instrument ID of the temperature recorder/data logger; corresponds to the raw temperature datafiles. Pole Snow depth (cm, to nearest 5 cm) at a given observation pole FSCA fractional snow covered area, visually estimated Canopy_Snow binary snow presence or absence in the visible canopy Analyst initials of analyst who extracted metrics from timelapse cameras Exposure exposure setting on hemispherical photos; each location had 5 photos ranging from -2 to 2 in exposure setting. Temp_ Temperature (degrees C) and the aggregation method from hourly observations to daily data. Note that Point X and Point Y in locations (GIS Data) are in UTM Zone 10N
Credits
Funding Agencies
This resource was created using funding from the following sources:
| Agency Name | Award Title | Award Number |
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| Yakima Valley Community Fund |
How to Cite
This resource is shared under the Creative Commons Attribution CC BY.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
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