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Water quality and hydrometric data from disturbed peatland catchments in central Alberta, Canada


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Created: Aug 29, 2022 at 7:55 p.m.
Last updated: Feb 09, 2024 at 11:26 p.m.
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Abstract

Horticultural peat extraction can affect downstream mobilization of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and inorganic nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorous), harming aquatic ecosystems and water quality. However, it is unknown how regional climate and catchment land use influence the biogeochemical vulnerability of peatlands to extraction. Over two years, we used eight repeat synoptic surveys of 55 nested subcatchments to quantify the impacts of peat extraction on DOM and nutrient concentrations and transport through the stream networks of two mixed land-use catchments on the subhumid interior plains of western Canada. We used random forest models to disentangle the effects of land cover, hydrology, and temperature on water chemistry. Peatlands were the dominant source of DOM to streams, but we detected no significant effect of peat extraction on DOM concentration or composition. Stream hydrology was the most important predictor of DOM composition, with generally aromatic DOM becoming more aliphatic during snowmelt and summer base flow. We detected no effect from peat extraction on soluble reactive phosphorous (SRP) or nitrate (NO3-). However, total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) was an order of magnitude higher in subcatchments with >40% extracted peatland cover (median: 1.5 mg TAN L-1). Mass balance analysis suggested that DOM and inorganic nutrients were attenuated during low flows, and these rates covaried, likely due to biological uptake. During high flows, DOM, NO3-, and TAN were conservatively transported downstream, while SRP continued to attenuate, likely due to sorption to suspended particles. Our study suggests that excess TAN mobilized by peat extraction is utilized in headwaters during low flow but propagates downstream during high flow, with implications for eutrophication that land managers should consider.

Subject Keywords

Coverage

Spatial

Coordinate System/Geographic Projection:
WGS 84 EPSG:4326
Coordinate Units:
Decimal degrees
North Latitude
53.5578°
East Longitude
-114.6627°
South Latitude
53.3321°
West Longitude
-115.1214°

Temporal

Start Date:
End Date:

Content

README.txt

#### READ ME ####
Meta data for Frei et al. Seba Synoptic
Questions can be sent to rfrei@ualberta.ca.


site_id = Site code created by researchers
month = month of sample collection
year = year of sample collection
date = date of sample collection 'MM/DD/YYYY'
stream_flow = binary 'Y / N' indicating if stream was flowing at time of sampling.
time = time of sampling 'HH:MM:SS'
catchment = larger catchment that site is nested within 'Deep Creek / Tomahawk Creek'
lat = latitude of sample location WGS84
long = longitude of sample location WGS84
type = type of subcatchment 'Agriculture / Disturbed Peatland / Pristine Peatland / Forest / Mix'
area = subcatchment area (km2) based on catchment delineation using data from Government of Alberta Open Data 25 m digital elevation model.
disturbed_peat = percent subcatchment cover that is extracted peatlands (%), data from Alberta Monitoring and Inventory Wetlands Inventory.
wetland = percent subcatchment cover that is pristine peatlands (%), data from Alberta Monitoring and Inventory Wetlands Inventory.
forest = percent subcatchment cover that is forest (%), data from Alberta Monitoring and Inventory Human Footprint Index.
settlement = percent subcatchment cover that is human settlement (%), data from Alberta Monitoring and Inventory Human Footprint Index.
roads = percent subcatchment cover that is roads (%), data from Alberta Monitoring and Inventory Human Footprint Index.
water = percent subcatchment cover that is surface water (%), data from Alberta Monitoring and Inventory Human Footprint Index.
cropland = percent subcatchment cover that is cropland (%), data from Alberta Monitoring and Inventory Human Footprint Index.
other = percent subcatchment cover that is other land use (%), data from Alberta Monitoring and Inventory Human Footprint Index.
colluvial_deposits = percent of subcatchment that has colluvial deposists surficial geology (%), data from Government of Alberta Open Data Surficial Geology of Alberta. 
glaciolacustrine_deposits = percent of subcatchment that has glaciolacustrine deposits surficial geology (%), data from Government of Alberta Open Data Surficial Geology of Alberta.
icethrust_moraine = percent of subcatchment that has icethrust moraine surficial geology (%), data from Government of Alberta Open Data Surficial Geology of Alberta.
moraine = percent of subcatchment that has moraine surficial geology (%), data from Government of Alberta Open Data Surficial Geology of Alberta.
organic_deposits = percent of subcatchment that has organic deposits surficial geology (%), data from Government of Alberta Open Data Surficial Geology of Alberta.
preglacial_fluvial_deposits = percent of subcatchment that has preglacial fluvial deposits surficial geology (%), data from Government of Alberta Open Data Surficial Geology of Alberta.
fire_burned = percent of subcatchment that has been burned (%), data from Parkland County.
fire_presence = binary 'Y / N' indication if subcatchment was burned at all.
ph = pH measured in situ by a calibrated handheld multiparameter probe (Hanna)
cond = conductivity (uS) measured in situ by a calibrated handheld multiparameter probe (Hanna)
temp = temperature (C) measured in situ by a calibrated handheld multiparameter probe (Hanna)
turb = turbidity (NTU)
doc = dissolved organic carbon (mg/L)
suva = specific ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm (L/mg-m)
din = dissolved inorganic nitrogen (mg/L)
dop = dissolved organic phosphorous (mg/L)
no3no2 = nitrate + nitrite (mg/L)
tn = total nitrogen (mg/L)
nh4n = N as ammonium (mg/L)
cl = chloride (mg/L)
no2n = N as nitrite (mg/L)
po4 = phosphate (mg/L)
so4 = sulfate (mg/L)
don = dissolved organic nitrogen (mg/L)
no3n = N as nitrate (mg/L)
sodium = sodium (mg/L)
k = potassium (mg/L)
mg = magnesium (mg/L)
zn = zinc (mg/L)
tp = total phosphorous (mg/L)
s = sulfur (mg/L)
ca = calcium (mg/L)
cu = copper (mg/L)
boron = boron (mg/L)
fe = total iron (mg/L)
mn = manganese (mg/L)
al = aluminum (mg/L)
X200 = absorbance at 200 nm
X201 = absorbance at 201 nm
...
X750 = absorbance at 750 nm



Credits

Funding Agencies

This resource was created using funding from the following sources:
Agency Name Award Title Award Number
NSERC NSERC CRDPJ 525894-18

How to Cite

Frei, R. (2024). Water quality and hydrometric data from disturbed peatland catchments in central Alberta, Canada, HydroShare, http://www.hydroshare.org/resource/790fa65aebc24e4c98f2ee5a82cd3d7e

This resource is shared under the Creative Commons Attribution CC BY.

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
CC-BY

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