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| Created: | Feb 07, 2023 at 7:57 p.m. | |
| Last updated: | Feb 07, 2023 at 7:57 p.m. | |
| Citation: | See how to cite this resource |
| Sharing Status: | Public |
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Abstract
Aquifers within the Pampa del Tamarugal Basin (Atacama Desert, northern Chile) are the sole source of water for the coastal city of Iquique and the economically important mining industry. Despite this, the regional groundwater system remains poorly understood. Although it is widely accepted that aquifer recharge originates as precipitation in the Altiplano and Andean Cordillera to the east, there remains debate on whether recharge is driven primarily by near-surface groundwater flow in response to periodic flood events or by basal groundwater flux through deep-seated basin fractures. In addressing this debate, the present study quantifies spatial and temporal variability in regional-scale groundwater flow paths at 20.5A degrees S latitude by combining a two-dimensional model of groundwater and heat flow with field observations and delta O-18 isotope values in surface water and groundwater. Results suggest that both previously proposed aquifer recharge mechanisms are likely influencing aquifers within the Pampa del Tamarugal Basin; however, each mechanism is operating on different spatial and temporal scales. Storm-driven flood events in the Altiplano readily transmit groundwater to the eastern Pampa del Tamarugal Basin through near-surface groundwater flow on short time scales, e.g., 10(0)-10(1) years, but these effects are likely isolated to aquifers in the eastern third of the basin. In addition, this study illustrates a physical mechanism for groundwater originating in the eastern highlands to recharge aquifers and salars in the western Pampa del Tamarugal Basin over timescales of 10(4)-10(5) years.
Subject Keywords
Coverage
Spatial
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Additional Metadata
| Name | Value |
|---|---|
| DOI | 10.1007/s10040-016-1454-3 |
| Depth | 5000 |
| Scale | Other |
| Layers | |
| Purpose | Scientific investigation (not related to applied problem) |
| GroMoPo_ID | 118 |
| IsVerified | True |
| Model Code | 2D vertical transect model |
| Model Link | https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-016-1454-3 |
| Model Time | 1000000 years |
| Model Year | 2016 |
| Model Authors | Richard S. Jayne, Ryan M. Pollyea, Justin P. Dodd, Elizabeth J. Olson, Susan K. Swanson |
| Model Country | Chile |
| Data Available | Report/paper only |
| Developer Email | rpollyea@vt.edu |
| Dominant Geology | Model focuses on multiple geologic materials |
| Developer Country | United States |
| Publication Title | Spatial and temporal constraints on regional-scale groundwater flow in the Pampa del Tamarugal Basin, Atacama Desert, Chile |
| Original Developer | No |
| Additional Information | Aquifers within the Pampa del Tamarugal Basin (Atacama Desert, northern Chile) are the sole source of water for the coastal city of Iquique and the economically important mining industry. Despite this, the regional groundwater system remains poorly understood. Although it is widely accepted that aquifer recharge originates as precipitation in the Altiplano and Andean Cordillera to the east, there remains debate on whether recharge is driven primarily by near-surface groundwater flow in response to periodic flood events or by basal groundwater flux through deep-seated basin fractures. In addressing this debate, the present study quantifies spatial and temporal variability in regional-scale groundwater flow paths at 20.5°S latitude by combining a two-dimensional model of groundwater and heat flow with field observations and δ18O isotope values in surface water and groundwater. Results suggest that both previously proposed aquifer recharge mechanisms are likely influencing aquifers within the Pampa del Tamarugal Basin; however, each mechanism is operating on different spatial and temporal scales. Storm-driven flood events in the Altiplano readily transmit groundwater to the eastern Pampa del Tamarugal Basin through near-surface groundwater flow on short time scales, e.g., 100–101 years, but these effects are likely isolated to aquifers in the eastern third of the basin. In addition, this study illustrates a physical mechanism for groundwater originating in the eastern highlands to recharge aquifers and salars in the western Pampa del Tamarugal Basin over timescales of 104–105 years. |
| Integration or Coupling | |
| Evaluation or Calibration | Unsure |
| Geologic Data Availability |
How to Cite
This resource is shared under the Creative Commons Attribution CC BY.
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
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