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Valles Caldera - forest structure influence on snowpack


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Created: Jul 17, 2026 at 5:16 p.m. (UTC)
Last updated: Jul 20, 2026 at 6:12 p.m. (UTC) (Metadata update)
Published date: Jul 20, 2026 at 6:12 p.m. (UTC)
DOI: 10.4211/hs.cfdc97bd92c14353b886268702878975
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Sharing Status: Published
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Abstract

The Valles Caldera National Preserve is located in northern New Mexico in the Jemez Mountains outside of Los Alamos, NM. It is a 35,977 hectare (88,900 acre) park, surrounding a volcanic caldera formed by a super volcano that erupted 1.2 million years ago. The 2013 Thompson Ridge wildfire affected a portion of the caldera where one of our locations exist (VCM). These study locations were already established prior to this study to examine energy and water exchanges. Elevation ranges from 2,438 meters to 3,430 meters, largely within Mixed Conifer and Ponderosa Pine forest. There are four study locations and eight plots within this study area. The Valles Caldera represents higher to mid elevation locations at mid latitudes in the southwestern United States that normally have a seasonal to marginal snowpack. Each plot has a Wingscapes TimelapseCam Pro camera, a two and a half meter by one-inch diameter snow pole attached to a U-post, and temperature loggers distributed on the ground surface. The time-lapse camera takes a picture twice a day of the snow pole which is painted in five-centimeter increments. Daily snow depth was recorded from the pictures by a minimum of two people and vetted by a third. SWE was calculated using methodology from Hill et al (2019). 16 HOBO Pendant MX Water Temperature Data Loggers temperature loggers are placed on the ground in a spoke-like pattern around the snow pole. There are 4 buttons at N, S, E, W 4 ft from the pole. There are 4 buttons at N, S, E, W 8 ft from the pole. There are 4 buttons at NE, SE, SW, and NW 8 ft from the pole. here are 4 buttons at NE, SE, SW, and NW 16 ft from the pole.

Subject Keywords

Coverage

Spatial

Coordinate System/Geographic Projection:
WGS 84 EPSG:4326
Coordinate Units:
Decimal degrees
North Latitude
35.9913°
East Longitude
-106.4026°
South Latitude
35.8298°
West Longitude
-106.6213°

Temporal

Start Date:
End Date:

Content

Credits

Funding Agencies

This resource was created using funding from the following sources:
Agency Name Award Title Award Number
U.S. National Science Foundation SRS RN: Transforming Rural-Urban Systems: Trajectories for Sustainability in the Intermountain West 2115169
United States Geological Survey The role forest structure plays in regulating water availability and implications for natural resources and ecosystem function G23AC00127

How to Cite

Rotche, L., Eiting, C., Jones, K., Connett, H., Bair, A., Webb, R., Litvak, M., Lin, Y. (2026). Valles Caldera - forest structure influence on snowpack, HydroShare, https://doi.org/10.4211/hs.cfdc97bd92c14353b886268702878975

This resource is shared under the Creative Commons Attribution CC BY.

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
CC-BY

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